The emotions wheel can help to identify and label emotions

Usually when we think of “intelligence” we associate it with things like logic, maths, and science. However, according to psychologists such as Daniel Goleman, “emotional intelligence” (EQ) is another aspect of intelligence that is often overlooked. The basic view of emotional intelligence is that emotions aren’t necessarily the opposite of thinking, but a different way of thinking about different types of problems that
exist in our world. In other words, emotions can be a very valuable tool in guiding our choices and decision-making.
In light of his theory of evolution, Charles Darwin theorised that our minds have evolved to experience
emotions so that we can better adapt to our environment.
For example, we’ve evolved to experience a “negative” emotion such as fear so that we can better respond to a situation that is bad for survival. In this case, fear is an emotion that motivates us to avoid something when we are in danger.
On the other hand, a “positive” emotion, such as joy, can signal to us that a situation is good for survival. In this case, joy is an emotion that motivates you to seek more of something.

This is a very basic analysis – and it doesn’t come anywhere near describing the complexities of our emotional world (as well as social world) – but it gives you an idea on how different emotions can guide
our behaviors in different ways.